However, when it did take the field, its field of combat suited the style of its commander far more. Oral History: Lieutenant Commander William Leide. Kiniry recalled all the bodies, human beings totally bereft of life, piled in trenches or on carts. On 12 December, Field Order No. In late 1944, during the wake of the Allied forces' successful D-Day invasion of Normandy, France, it seemed as if the Second World War was all but over. Third Army was shipped from the U.S. to the United Kingdom. It was catastrophic, yet it was no real shock. General Omar N. Bradley, commander of the U.S. 12th Army Group, anticipated that as the Germans retreated, they would demolish all of the bridges in an attempt to deny the Allies an easy run at the Rhines eastern shores. Third Army remained in Germany until recalled to the United States again in 1947. Launched in 2008, World at War magazine brings the S&T style to a focus on World War II. Still, the Normandy campaign had been a stunning success. The unit ran on a non-stop schedule for the next 72 hours. Boat Unit 2 sent several LCVPs to Boppard on 25 March to assist the 87th Infantry Division, moving 5,000 men and 400 vehicles in two days. +(91)-9821210096 | a streetcar named desire genre. In remembering Pearl Harbor, we remember who we are. On August 5, the Division landed at Utah Beach. Stories spread of the massacre of Soldiers and civilians at Malmedy and Stavelot, of paratroopers dropping behind the lines, and of English-speaking German soldiers, disguised as Americans, capturing critical bridges, cutting communications lines, and spreading rumors. Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec, Major General J. Lawton Collins Timeline | U.S. Army Central "Armageddon: The Battle for Germany, 1944-1945". Leide was commanding officer ofBoat Unit 2, attached to the U.S. Third Army during the Rhine crossing. The first ten LCVPs took to the water on the morning of 11 March at Bad Neuenahr, followed by the remainder over the next three days. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1986. Only one major obstacle stood in the path of their advance: the Rhine River. By the end of August, Patton's divisions were closing in on the German frontier. Units of the Canadian First Army, British Second Army, and the U.S. Ninth Army were to receive support from the First Allied Airborne Armys parachute drop on 24 March (Operation Varsity). Frank A. On 19 June, General Pershing notified Marshal Foch that beginning 23 June the Third Army would occupy the towns of Limburg, Westerburg, Hachenburg, and Altenkirchen and that III Corps would seize the railroad connecting these towns. Unit Organizations - Patton's Third Army Living Historians Patton is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States. In one of the great moves of the war, Patton turned Third Army's axis of advance through ninety degrees and set it upon the south of the German forces. How did Americans respond to this humanitarian calamity as World War II in Europe entered its final weeks? Six more boats from Unit 2 supported the 89th Division at Oberwesel on 26 March. The four bridges available for crossing the river within the Coblenz bridgehead were the pontoon bridge and railroad bridge at Coblenz, the railroad bridges at Engers and Remagen. In order to mislead any Allied intelligence personnel who might discover the plan, it was given the defensive sounding name Wacht am Rhein, meaning "watch on the Rhine". New York: Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, United States Army Service Component Commands, Military units and formations established in 1918, http://www.arcent.army.mil/hidden/usarcent-history/third-army-command-biographies/cg/ltg-vincent-k-brooks-(2011---present).aspx, http://www.globemaster.de/cgi-bin/bases/db.cgi?db=default&uid=default&view_records=1&so=ascend&keyword=Saudi+Arabia&submit=Search, "U.S. to move operations from Saudi base", http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/meast/04/29/sprj.irq.saudi.us/, "Third Army Commanding General's Welcome Letter", http://www.arcent.army.mil/welcome/index.asp, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, [Source: "Crossing the Rhine," History of the American Third Army, 14 November 1918 to 2 July 1919, Third Army, A.E.F., 2 July 1919. In 1912 Patton represented the United States in the Olympics held in Stockholm, taking part in the modern pentathlon. On 15 December Third Army Headquarters at Mayen opened at Coblenz: III Corps Headquarters at Polch opened at Neuwied and IV Corps Headquarters remained at Cochem, with the VII Corps at Grevenmacher. On December 26, General George S. Patton employs an audacious strategy to relieve the besieged Allied defenders of Bastogne, Belgium, during the brutal Battle of the Bulge. Once he entered Buchenwald, the former inmates crowded around him and praised President Franklin Roosevelt. Normandy Invasion - Breakout, August 1944 | Britannica on Instagram: "The first elements of the 501st PIR On July 31, 1944, the Americans on the Allies' right, newly supported by the landing of the U.S. 3rd Army under Patton, broke through the German defenses at Avranches, the gateway from Normandy into Brittany. Worth 5 minutes of your time. rdAssigned to Patton's 3 Army, the 761st saw heavy combat as they moved across France and Germany. Through January, American troops, often wading through deep snow drifts, attacked the sides of the shrinking bulge until they had restored the front and set the stage for the final drive to victory. During this time, Boat Unit 1 ferried more than 14,000 troops and 400 vehicles across the Rhine. Often isolated and unaware of the overall picture, they did their part to slow the Nazi advance, whether by delaying armored spearheads with obstinate defenses of vital crossroads, moving or burning critical gasoline stocks to keep them from the fuel-hungry German tanks, or coming up with questions on arcane Americana to stump possible Nazi infiltrators. Graduating in 1909, Patton was commissioned into the cavalry, a branch that was quickly becoming outdated with the advent of new weaponry on the battlefield. Ensign Oscar M. Miller, USNR, unaware of the halt, sent the first LCVP across at a different point 500 yards below the assault line. This battle was an attempt to repeat the decisive breakthrough of 1940. The third Army consisted of three corps (III, Maj. Gen. John L. Hines; IV, Maj. Gen. Charles Muir; and VII, Maj. Gen. William G. Hahn) and seven divisions. In the evening the bad weather returned. Your courage and valor will always be remembered. As the first waves of troops landed on the opposite bank unopposed, the Allies soon came under fire from German artillery fire and bombing attacks by the Luftwaffe. The exploits of the Third Army would propel Patton into the history books and their feats would only be matched again decades later during the kinetic conflict of the first Gulf War. White bedsheets camouflage them in the snow. They had survived the cold, the snow and the battle. Although the resulting Battle of the Bulge had initially sent them reeling, the Allies blunted the German assaults and counterattacked after Christmas. To cross the river, Bradley knew that he would need to call upon the U.S. Navy. During the month, motor transport parks were established; an Army motor show was held; the Army area was reorganized; and the centralization of military property was initiated in anticipation of returning it to the United States. The original plans called for Lt. Gen. George Patton, Jr.'s newly formed Third Army to turn westward to clear the Brittany ports while Lt. Gen. Omar Bradley and British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery pushed the Germans eastward across the Seine. Krueger was succeeded by Lieutenant General Courtney Hodges who led the Army for the rest of 1943. The tanks and tank destroyers attached to the 28th Division were no match for the German Mark IV and V . As with the 9 th and 10 th armored divisions, the 7 th and 8 th were right where they needed to be to help halt the great German counteroffensive of December 1944. To the south, Patton's 3rd Army was to drive east to Chemnitz, about 40 mi (64 km) southeast of Leipzig, but well short of the Elbe, and then turn southeast into Austria. Now, at least, he will know what he is fighting against.. Historian Dan Stone reports that camp personnel removed 23,000 inmates by train to Flossenbrg, Dachau, and Theresienstadt (other estimates put the number evacuated at 26,000-28,000). Bradley secured the four boat units of Task Group (TG) 122.5.1 The Navy contingent consisted of 24 LCVPs (landing craft, vehicle, personnel), 13 officers, and 205 men. A Combat Engineer with Patton's Army - Lois Lembo 2020-06-09 George Patton is renowned for his daring tank thrusts and rapid movement, but the many rivers and obstacles his Third Army encountered crossing Europe required engineers spearheading his advance. Even American civilians, who had thought final victory was near were sobered by the Nazi onslaught. The Third Army swept across Northern France light lightening crackling across the sky. German artillery and several Luftwaffe aircraft attempted to destroy the Ludendorff Bridge without success. Some 240,000 men, bereft of equipment, eventually reached the Seine River. Here is a the Third Army summary of After Action in World War II and it was published in July of 1945. Here is a the Third Army summary of After Action in World War II and it was published in July of 1945. August 1, 1944 On August 1 of the year 1944, Lieutenant General George Patton took control of the United States' Third Army in France -- leading them through the famous liberty road march toward Germany. In the adjacent woods, inmates now armed captured more than 70 SS men. As the Red Army drove deeper into Poland in the winter of 1944-45, inmates from Auschwitz-Birkenau were transported to the camp. Under Patton's brilliant leadership, elements of the Third Army raced 150 miles in 19 hours to attack the southern flank of the German forces during the Battle of the Bulge. Never again would Hitler be able to launch an offensive in the west on such a scale. I cant really describe it, to tell you how horrendous it was to see these people treated like animals. The LCVPs capably moved the entire divisions men, vehicles, and equipment within 48 hours. There were 345 housing units at an average density of 103.9 per square mile, of the occupied units 181 (62.6%) were owner-occupied and 108 (37.4%) were rented. At this point George S. Pattons newly formed Third Army joined in the advance. By the evening of June 6, the 50th Division had landed 25,000 men, penetrated 10 km (6 miles) inland, hooked up with the Canadians from Juno Beach on the left, and reached the heights above Port-en-Bessin. They discovered the block for medical experiments (vivisections on healthy individuals; use of phosphorus; research on typhus). Generalfeldmarschall Walter Model[b], Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary ForcesGeneral of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower, Oberstgruppenfhrer der Waffen SS Josef "Sepp" Dietrich[e], Generalleutnant Otto Hitzfeld Previously, in Saudi Arabia, its bases include Having overcome the Rhine with the Navys assistance, the Army expressed its sincere gratitude. Out on the campgrounds, Murrow saw terribly weakened men crawling to the latrine and children displaying the numbers tattooed on their arms. After a day of hard fighting, the Germans broke through the American front, surrounding most of an infantry division, seizing key crossroads, and advancing their spearheads toward the Meuse River, creating the projection that gave the battle its name. Realizing that some might disbelieve such revelations, Murrow pleaded with his listeners: I pray you to believe what I have said about Buchenwald. In 1947 the Sixth Armored Division Association was organized to perpetuate the memory of 1,274 fallen comrades, to assist in promoting an everlasting peace, and to serve as a medium of . Dennis Lavanoha, of Harrisville, N.Y., cross a snow-covered Luxembourg field on a scouting mission in Lellig, Luxembourg, Dec. 30, 1944. Dave Weakleydwweakley@yahoo.comInd., Ky., Tenn., Ill., Wis.Deutschland Regiment 2nd SS 3rd Regiment Panzergrenadierhttp://www.deutschlandregiment.combarry.kemballcook@ubs.comTexas Based1st Battalion of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division.http://ablecompany502pir.org/index.htmlinfo@ablecompany502pir.orgTexas6th Cavalry Historical Associationhttp://www.6thcav.netTexas167th Volksgrenadier Divisionhttp://167thvolksgrenadierdivision.com/wordpress/Unit Commander : Thomas Pachalostpachalos@austin.rr.comTexasE Company 2 Battalion 505th PIR {Parachute Infantry Regiment}Unit CO Dave Weakleydwweakley@yahoo.comCo 1st SGT Brian Hartballs2n@yahoo.comUnit email iseco505thpir82ndab@yahoo.comInd., Ky., Tenn., Ill., Wis.Co.F, 36th Armored Infantry Regiment, 3rd Armored Division.Contact Alan jones atj53@att.netInd., Ky., Tenn., Ill., WisTroop B 6th Cavalry GroupTate Mowrey tate.mowrey@gmail.comTexas, General Patton and his Dodge Command Cars, Pattons Mobile Headquarters 3rd Army HQ in Europe, Pattons beloved English Bull Terrier Willie, Booking General Pattons History Comes Alive, General Pattons Lucky Forward Movie Props, Patton Hidden In Plain Sight : The Images Uncovered (Book), http://167thvolksgrenadierdivision.com/wordpress/. In Buchenwalds infirmary, he learned that more than 200 had succumbed to illness or starvation the previous day. 504-528-1944, Jenny Craig Institute for the Study of War and Democracy, American Soldiers Uncover Medical Mass Murder at Hadamar, The Imperative to Witness: Memoirs by Survivors of Auschwitz, Best of WWII Public Programs: The Holocaust, Wannsee Conference: The Master Plan for the "Final Solution", Confronting the Histories of Vichy and European Fascism: An Interview with Robert O. Paxton. Fuller, Robert P. (2004). [Beevor, p. 82], In contrast with Manteuffel, Dietrich opened the offensive on his front with a massive artillery bombardment. Deployed to the Western Front in the summer of 1944, Third Army executed an impressive offensive drive across France, and during the Battle of the Bulge that winter elements of Third Army disengaged from an existing fight, pivoted northward, and relieved the besieged garrison at the . It reached Austria and in May liberated the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camps complex. James Storey, of Newman, Ga., Pvt. By then the Allies commanded the west bank of the Seine from the sea to Fontainebleau, while their spearheads were on the Meuse River, 186 miles (299 km) farther on. Within days, Lt. Gen. George S. Patton Jr. had turned his Third U.S. Army to the north and was counterattacking against the German flank. Through the gap thus opened, the U.S. First Army sped toward Avranches, taken on July 30. The plan focused on Wesel, with multiple crossings set to occur along a 22-mile front on the evening of 23 March. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. Fighting broke out, and, as news of the struggle reached the public in America and Britain, Eisenhower reversed his earlier decision to bypass the capital. The plan focused on Wesel, with multiple crossings set to occur along a 22-mile front on the evening of 23 March. 1. On the 15th, Major General Joseph T. Dickman assumed command and issued Third Army General Order No. The use of the Navy landing craft immediately following the landings enabled Patton to reinforce his forces rapidly on the eastern bank and expand their initial successes in order to plunge onward into Central Germany without pause. The order of battle presented here reflects a point near the end of the campaign. Plans for the ambitious river crossing had begun almost six months previously. Out of 42 participants, Patton took 5th overall in the event. British veterans waited nervously to see how the Americans would react to a full-scale German offensive, and British generals quietly acted to safeguard the Meuse River's crossings. brevard county housing authority application. Troops, upon crossing the Rhine and reaching their assigned areas, were billeted preparatory to occupying selected positions for defense. Eisenhower decided that several simultaneous crossings would have the greatest chance of success of sustaining the drive into the Ruhr in order to encircle a large part of the German Army in advance of the final drive toward Berlin. December 25, 1944 The camp also held convicts (hostility between the politicals and common criminals grew very quickly). George Patton | Facts, Biography, Quotes, World War II, & Death There were from time to time under the 3rd Army 6 corps and 42 divisions. By mid January 1945 the Third Army, in a period of just six weeks, lost almost 5,000 killed, 22,000 wounded, and over 5,000 missing and captured. On Dec. 16, with the onset of winter, the German army launched a counteroffensive that was intended to cut through the Allied forces in a manner that would turn the tide of the war in Hitler's favor. Rinze van Minnen pe LinkedIn: George S. Patton's speech to the Third After the unexpected success at Remagen, Montgomery prepared to deliver another successful assault across the Rhine. On August 16, the day after a Franco-American force had landed on the Riviera (Operation Dragoon), Hitler at last recognized the inevitable and gave permission for a withdrawal from Normandy. On 22 May, the Third Army issued its plan of advance, effective 30 May, in view of the impending emergency. A week earlier, on April 4, troops from the 89th Infantry Division, 4th Armored Division, and the 602nd Tank Destroyer Battalion overran Ohrdruf, a recently established subcamp of Buchenwald. Unit Organizations - Patton's Third Army Living Historians Recreating History Third Army Historical Society A few of our friends who participate with us and we with them If you want to be listed with us contact patton@pattonthirdarmy.com The Third Army Headquarters Command National www.pattonthirdarmy.com patton@pattonthirdarmy.com (Texas) The Nazis chose the serene setting for one of the most infamous meetings in world history, where they discussed their plans for the Final Solution.. 3rd army spent 281 days of incessant victorious combat, penetrations have advanced further in less time than any other army in history. While the First Army struggled to capture Aachen, Patton's Third Army grappled with the problem of reducing the Metz fortification system. Nearly 50 members. In the southernmost sector of the 21st Army Group's attack, the 9th Army's assault divisions were to cross the Rhine along an 11 miles (18 km) . The reason for that were the ever approaching troops of Patton. These units were further bolstered by an additional 45 reserve LCMs (landing craft, mechanized). The speeches were intended to motivate the inexperienced Third Army for its pending combat duty. Having crossed the Rhine, the Allies advanced into the German heartland. With three divisions, the 1st, 2d, and 32d, the III Corps occupied the American sector of the Coblenz bridgehead, the movement of the troops into position beginning at the scheduled hour, 13 December. The courage and fortitude of the American Soldier was tested against great adversity. Their own logistical problems surfaced, and they ground to a halt. 1945), Patton's Third Army had fought for nine months since becoming operational, capturing more than 80,000 square miles (more than 200,000 square km) of territory. On 1 July, General Pershing notified the War Department that upon Germany's compliance with military conditions imposed upon her (probably within three months after German ratification of the treaty), the American forces in Europe would be reduced to a single regiment of infantry supplemented by necessary auxiliaries. American engineers emerge from the woods and move out of defensive positions after fighting in the vicinity of Bastogne, Belgium. However, the bridgehead was won, and Third Army embarked on another great eastward dash. Third Army After Action reports state that the Third Army captured 765,483 prisoners of war, with an additional 515,205 of the enemy already held in corps and divisional level POW cages processed between 9 May and 13 May 1945, for a total of 1,280,688 POWs, and that, additionally, Third Army forces killed 144,500 enemy soldiers and wounded 386,200, for a total of 1,811,388 in enemy losses. The 133d Engineer Combat Battalion was part of this massive drive north. And, yet, a short distance away stood a SS-run concentration camp where 56,000 men, women, and children were murdered or died from maltreatment, exposure, starvation, or illness. Required fields are marked *. ]. The operation was conceived entirely by German head of state and armed forces chief Adolf Hitler. "Some twenty-eight divisions were advancing across France and Belgium. D-DAY JUNE 6, 1944 JULY 5, 1944 Third Army Headquarters lands on French soil as part of the Normandy landings, which began. The Third United States Army was first activated as a formation during the First World War on 7 November 1918, at Chaumont, France, when the General Headquarters of the American Expeditionary Forces issued General Order 198 organizing the Third Army and announcing its headquarters staff. The median age was 44.3 years. We see it over and over again when examining the history of the liberation of the camps. The southern (right) boundary was as has been previously mentioned. The Ardennes Counteroffensive, commonly known as the Battle of the Bulge, was a massive military operation undertaken by Nazi Germany in southern Belgium and northern Luxembourg which lasted from 16 December 1944 until 25 January 1945. On April 11, 17 days before Kiniry set foot there, the 6th Armored Division of Patton's Third Army reached Buchenwald. Commanded by Major General Robert W. Grow, the Super Sixth, as it was nicknamed, had been in the field since mid-July 1944. Equipment to be ferried across the Rhine Riveris loaded on Navy LCVPs, March 1945(National Archives and Records Administration, Still Pictures Division, College Park, MD, Record Group 119A, SC 204084). I have reported what I saw and heard but only part of it. A massive evacuation effort by the SS preceded the arrival of the Americans on April 11. Within Buchenwald, an International Camp Committee led by communists, had prepared to greet US forces. About 4,000 were Jews and 850 of them children. The Germans did not notice the adjusted position for several hours and their hurried artillery attacks did not hit a single boat. 4th Armored Division (United States) - Wikipedia On August 7 a desperate counterattack by four panzer divisions from Mortain, east of Avranches, failed to seal the breach, and American . The Red Ball Express: How African American Truck Drivers Supplied These were to be deployed in various capacities in the conduct of the crossing operations. Soon the Third Army's XII and III Corps were on the move, just as Patton promised. The CBS reporter walked on into a barracks, once a stable, filled with men from Czechoslovakia. It is best known for its campaigns in World War II under the command of George S. Patton. Patton's Third Army was racing across France, and the German defenders of the Pas de Calaisnow threatened from the landward side by real divisions rather than phantom oneswere heading out of the region and out of the battle. Established in 1937 on the northern side of the Ettersberg, a hilly, forested area, it was only four miles northwest of the famed Thuringian city of Weimar, a locale associated with the great German writers Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller. Almost complete List of Corps and Division under 3rd Army at one time or another from 1944 to end of war. Super Sixth: The 6th Armored Division in WW II He made up for lost time. The strength of the Third Army as of 19 December, the date the bridgehead occupation was completed, was 9,638 officers and 221,070 enlisted men. For those who had lived through 1940, the picture was all too familiar. On 16 June, Marshal Foch notified General Pershing that allied armies must be ready after 20 June to resume offensive operations and that preliminary movements were to begin 17 June. For most of it I have no words. His plea sounds like an anticipation of Kinirys statement. This is how Patton smashed his way out of Normandy Third Army maintains a continued forward presence, conducts joint and coalition exercises throughout the region, provides humanitarian assistance when needed, develops close partnerships with responsible nations, assists in demining efforts, and provides support to other military service components. Once war began, large numbers of Polish and Soviet POWs, resistance fighters from many parts of Europe, and forced laborers swelled the ranks of the Buchenwald. A member of the 45th Evacuation Hospital attached to General George S. Pattons Third Army, Kiniry was not among the first to go into Buchenwald. On 15 November 1918, Major General Dickman was given the mission to move quickly and by any means into Central Germany on occupation duties. They were to be mutually supporting crossings by General George S. Pattons U.S. Third Army and Field Marshal Bernard L. Montgomerys British 21st Army Group, respectively. The German salient was reduced by the end of January 1945, and the remainder of the process of closing up to the Rhine could be completed. Later that day, its alignment became VIII Corps, US First Army, 12th Army Group. The river assault began at 1800, when 5,500 artillery pieces bombarded the eastern bank of the Rhine. By late January 1945, U.S forces, with their British, Canadian, and French allies, had regained the territory lost in December and resumed their drive eastward to defeat Hitlers Third Reich. In the early hours of 24 March, the 15th Scottish Division and the U.S 30th and U.S.79th divisions joined the attack at Rheinberg. Since the invasion of Normandy on 6 June, the Allies had been bogged down on this narrow strip of land on the French coast. Two days later, on 17 December 1918, the Coblenz bridgehead, consisting of a pontoon bridge and three railroad bridges across the Rhine, had been established. Before stepping out, he counted the names of 242 people who had died in the barracks in the previous month. It had not cut the Caen-Bayeux highway or linked up with the Americans from Omaha Beach, but it had made an impressive start. While Patton did not formulate an elaborate plan, his staff had been collecting assault boats and bridging equipment for an anticipated crossing operation since the previous August. The Ludendorff Bridge had yet to be destroyed as the last of the German army used it to retreat safely to the east bank. On 7 March, to the surprise of both generals, an infantry platoon of the U.S. 9th Armored Division discovered a bridge still standing across the Rhine at Remagen. Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec, Major General Troy H. Middleton With the American flag flying over his head, Motor Machinists Mate Robert Mooty, USN, ferries troops across the Rhine River at Oberwesel, Germany, March 1945 (National Archives and Records Administration, Still Pictures Division, College Park, MD, Record Group 119A, SC 204664). Unlike in 1918, the crossing of the Rhine was opposed. In response to Patton's new mission, the 133d moved north to Luxembourg on 21 December, part of a very large convoy driving on treacherous, icy roads. American flag over Festung Ehrenbreitstein after the occupation of Koblenz by the 3rd Army, 1945. The boat landed on the eastern bank unopposed, and the crossing recommenced at the new position with six LCVPs provided from Oppenheim. With the relentless Soviet juggernaut driving on Berlin from the East, it was only a matter of weeks before Germany capitulated. A white flag was hoisted. In the early hours of 28 March, the 80th Infantry Division set out in Army assault boats and ran headlong into heavy German artillery fire. Behind schedule, the Allied commanders understood that something had to give to push the German war machine east. Originally planned to primarily isolate political opponents from German society, the Nazis deported some 10,000 Jews to Buchenwald after Kristallnachtin November 1938. Until the buildup of American forces prior to its entry into World War II, Third Army remained largely a paper formation. 462 likes, 0 comments - (@ww2_photos__) on Instagram: "The first elements of the 501st PIR entered the division .
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